Leads to
Leads to
Leads to
Leads to
To change log
This is list of suggestions, comments and corrections
I am aware of but I have yet to do it.
Pure Dhamma.
Core Tenet of buddha Dhamma in one word:
"
manō pubbaṅgamā dhammā
"
Dhammapada Verse 1
Cakkhupalatthera Vatthu
Manopubbangama dhamma1
manosettha manomaya
manasa ce padutthena2
bhasati va karoti va
tato nam dukkhamanveti
cakkamva vahato padam.
All mental phenomena
have mind as their forerunner;
They have mind as their chief;
They are mind-made.
If one speaks or acts with an evil mind,
'dukkha' follows him just as the wheel
follows the hoofprint of the ox that draws
the cart.
Dhammapada Verse 2
Matthakundali Vatthu
Manopubbangama dhamma
manosettha manomaya
manasa ce pasannena
bhasati va karoti va
tato nam sukha1 manveti
chayava anapayini.
All mental phenomena
have mind as their forerunner;
They have mind as their chief;
They are mind-made.
If one speaks or acts with a pure mind,
Happiness (sukha) follows him like
a shadow that never leaves him.
Root cause for suffering is wrong views.
"Dhammo ha ve rakkhati dhammacāriṁ"
Critical Note:
This MindMap is useful if you are familiar
with content on PureDhamma.Net website.
It is meant as supplement to the website,
but is in no way, a website replacement.
Detailed reading is required. Then reading
can be Supplemented with this MindMap for
further understanding and "big picture"
view.
Pure Dhamma MindMap
Created By, LayDhammaFollower.
Based on content of
PureDhamma. net
Last Updated: 23/06/2022
Additional Contributors, editors,
reviewers: SengKiat for spellings
corrections, Tobias G for pointing
out errors, Lal for content,
Christian for chart
For suggestions/reviews/edits/comments/contributions:
Contact LayDhammaFollower at PureDhamma.Net Forum
Ahara/Food (for apāyās)
Kilesa (Impurities)
Six sense objects
Review whole chart for accuracy and precision in Meanings
More details to be added to PañcakKhanda section
What buddha mean by word "world"
And what is "world" of Puthujjano
Some parts have incomplete information/explanations.
(Not wrong just incomplete)
Difference between dhammā and dhamma
Difference between dukkhā and dukha
Add Dhammapada analysis of verses
How to get rid of defilements by seven methods
Four fundamental realities
Four noble truths
Paticca SAMUPPĀDA
One who sees Paṭiccasamuppāda sees the Dhamma.
One who sees the Dhamma sees Paṭiccasamuppāda.
Tilakkhana
Key Pali words
Detailed Meaning and translation
Bhavnā - Meditation
The main idea in Buddhist meditation (Ānāpāna/Satipatthana Bhavana)
Is to train the mind to be not impulsive.
Also, when you start doing meditation first you can control
Kaya sankhara then vachi sankhara and eventually you are
Able to control Mano sankhara. Which is basis of progress in
buddha Dhamma. i.e. chenging Your gati (character).
Buddha Dhamma
Progression Chart
Minor concepts
Goals and objectives of
Buddha and his Dhamma.
Noble eighfold path -
Explanation and Development
Saṅkhata
Everything we have ever experienced
Is saṅkhata. Nibbana is only asaṅkhata.
Something we have never experienced.
Asaṅkhata
This world
credits: puredhamma.net
NamaRupa
PañcakKhanda
Buddhist Phenomenology
RūpaKhanda
ViññānaKhanda
VedanāKhanda
Feelings
SaññāKhanda
SaṅkhāraKhanda
What is Rūpa?
What is RūpaKhanda?
Explained in detail in another subsection in this section.
You can search "Rūpa" in search box.
Contains mental impression of all objects that
one has ever experienced.
What is viññana?
“our hopes and desires that we want from this world.”
Types of viññana
What is viññanakhanda?
In the simplest form, viññāṇa is any type of expectation even without
moral/immoral implications.
Example.
Bhikkhus, what one intends, and what one plans, and
whatever one has a tendency towards: this focus (
ārammaṇa) a basis for the maintenance of viññāṇa.
When there is an ārammaṇa there is a support for the
establishing of viññāṇa. When viññāṇa is established
and has come to growth, there is the arising of future
renewed existence (punabbhavā). When there is the
future renewed existence, future birth, aging-and-death,
sorrow, lamentation, pain, displeasure, and despair
come to be. Such is the origin of this whole mass of
suffering“
Viññana by default means "defiled viññana".
Defiled due to not knowing the
consequences of doing dasa akusala.
Viññāṇa means without ñāna.
When one follows the Noble Path, one will comprehend the Three
Characteristics of nature (anicca, dukkha, anatta). Then one will
realize the unfruitfulness of having such false hopes, i.e., cultivate
paññā.
viññāna is DIFFERENT from “knowing” or “being aware”,
Which is what “consciousness” implies.
Whatever suffering that arises, all that arises due to viññāṇa; With not
arising of viññāṇa, there is no existence with suffering
When one attains the Arahanthood, when one’s paññā (wisdom) will be
optimized and one will have “undefiled or clear viññāṇa”.
All future suffering
arises because we
act with avijjā
(i.e., generate abhisaṅkhāra) to achieve pleasurable worldly things and
thereby create viññāṇa.
Viññāṇa is unseen, infinite, and is origin of all existence (bhava).”
Here, it refers specifically to kamma viññāṇa that arises via “avijjā
paccayā saṅkhāra,” “saṅkhāra paccayā viññāṇa” in Paṭicca
Samuppāda. As we know, that leads to “upādāna paccayā bhava.”
“viññāṇa nirōdha“, or stopping the arising of viññāṇa (defiled viññāṇa)
leads to Nibbāna.
When a man X sees a young woman (Y), that is called a “seeing event”
or cakkhu viññāṇa. Suppose the woman has just come to X’s workplace
as a new employee.
With that
cakkhu viññāṇa
, X recognizes Y as an attractive female and
that is called
saññā
X may generate “happy feelings” when seeing Y and
that is
vēdanā
; X may also generate lust in his mind and that is a mental
factor (
cētasika
).
If X gets interested in Y, then X may also generate lust in his mind with
subsequent
manō viññāṇa,
and start generating
manō, vaci, and kāya
saṅkhāra;
With the establishment of this new viññāṇa, there is now an expectation
in X’s mind of getting a date to go out with Y, and may be getting to marry
Y someday.
That is a manō viññāṇa that stays hidden in X’s mind. It has the
expectation of getting an opportunity to have a close relationship with Y.
That idea will remain hidden in X’s mind and can re-surface at
appropriate times, especially when seeing Y again, or when someone
mentions Y’s name for example. This is “viññāṇa paccayā saṅkhāra” in
Paṭicca Samuppāda.
The more X will engaging in generating such saṅkhāra, that viññāṇa will
also strengthen; that is the “saṅkhāra paccayā viññāṇa” in Paṭicca
Samuppāda.
Thus both “saṅkhāra paccayā viññāṇa” and “viññāṇa paccayā saṅkhāra”
will be operating back and forth, and will keep strengthening that viññāṇa.
let us assume that X has been seeing Y for a few days and may be even
got to talk to her a few times (vaci and kāya saṅkhāra are associated
those activities). Each time X interacts with Y, that “viññāṇa for having a
close relationship with Y” will grow in X’s mind.
Furthermore, X will be thinking about Y often (which is generating vaci
saṅkhāra), that will also help make that “viññāṇa for having a close
relationship with Y” to grow.
That happens via “saṅkhāra paccayā viññāṇa” step in Paṭicca
Samuppāda.
This is what is meant in many suttā by saying that “viññāṇa will grow” as
one keeps doing saṅkhāra.
Several days later, X finds out that Y is married, when her husband
comes to meet her at work.
He could clearly see that she is happily married and there is no point in
even thinking about having a relationship with her.
In an instant, X’s “viññāṇa for having a close relationship with Y” will be
eliminated (for most people).
When the reality of the situation is comprehended by the mind,
corresponding viññāṇa will be stopped.
This is what is meant by
“viññāṇa nirōdha
“.
it is important to see that a viññāṇa (or an expectation) will be eliminated
as soon as one realizes the futility (or the dangers) of that expectation.
At a deeper level, all of one’s highly immoral types of viññāṇa will be
permanently removed when one will be able to see the futility/dangers in
engaging in immoral deeds. That is when one attains the Sōtapanna
stage via comprehending Tilakkhana.
a viññāṇa will “take hold in the and grow” only as long as one has a
desire AND one believes that it can be fulfilled. Once it is fulfilled it cannot
grow any longer.
Next, one’s expectation for seeking pleasures in this world will be totally
removed when one realizes the futility — and dangers — in seeking such
sense pleasures. That is when one attains the Anāgāmi stage of Nibbāna.
Vipakā viññana
Kama viññāna
Arises when six senses are
stimulated by
External object (arammana).
Either five physical objects or mind made objects.
All senses except dhamma Indriya have strictly vipakā viññana.
A kamma viññāṇa is a contaminated citta.
Those arise via
“saṅkhāra paccayā viññāṇa.
”
If arammana is of interest or belongs to PanchaUpadanaKhanda.
Manō viññāṇa
takes over, and will decide to act on it — and if needed —
makes “future expectations” or “future plans”.
Therefore, it is the
manō viññāṇa that has expectations for the future.
kamma viññāṇa have energies embedded in them
What is vedana?
What is VedanāKhanda?
Types of vēdanā?
Vipakā vēdanā
samphassa-jā-vēdanā
Consciously mind made feelings
Arises as result of phassa of arammana at five pasāda rūpa at hadaya
vatthu
With arising of sukkhā vedanā when one starts making plans to enjoy
such vedanā in future as well,
sōmanassa vēdanā or āmisa sukha vēdanā
; one
could also be generating them by remembering past such sukha vēdanā.
With arising of dukkhā vedanā when one worries about it:
dōmanassa vēdanā or āmisa dukha vēdanā
Arises.
Dukkhā vedanā
Sukkhā vedanā
Uppekha vedanā
What is saññā?
What is saññāKhanda?
universal language
humans can communicate with beings in other realms via Saññā
when trapped inside a physical body, a gandhabba does not have those
capabilities. Then one needs to rely on the sensory faculties in the
physical body (physical eyes, ear, etc.) to capture that information. The
brain converts those signals to “saññā” and transmits them to the
gandhabba inside.
Depending on their
saññā
, Each being will generate different
Feelings for any same object. This will lead to different
MANŌ
SAṄKHĀRA
for each. (Good or bad) then one might
CONSCIOUSLY
Generate thoughts about said object.
(Vāci saṅkhāra)
Then eventually
this might lead to different
Kaya saṅkhāra
for each being based on their
vāci saṅkhāra.
What is saṅkhāra?
What is SaṅkhāraKhanda?
saṅkhāra
actions that involve “san“
Types
In order of control through meditation.
i.e. when you start doing meditation first you can control
Kaya sankhara then vachi sankhara and eventually you are
Able to control Mano sankhara.
Controlling our own Mano sankhara is basis of progress in
buddha Dhamma. i.e. chenging Your gati (character).
Kusāla sankhara =>
kusala-mula paccayā saṅkhāra
Abhisaṅkhāra
Strong kammā
Kaya sankhara
Actions taken through indriya
Vachi sankhara
Concious thoughts or speech.
Including self talk in mind.
Mano sankhara
Mind thoughts
Taking bodily actions based on that thought
Three
akusālā
Kaya sankhara
Pānātipātā (killing)
Adinnādānā (taking what is not given)
kāmēsu micchācārā (not just sexual misconduct,
But also excessive of sense pleasures)
Generating thoughts about something
Four
akusālā
vachi sankhara
Musāvāda (Lying)
Pisunāvācā (slandering)
Parusāvācā (harsh speech)
Sampappalāpā (frivolous talk)
Vāci saṅkhāra can
Be done To ...
To yourself (in mind)
To others
Arises automatically first upon contact of
arammana
(
sensory object
)
Based on one's own gati (inclination).
Three
akusālā
mano sankhara
Abhijjā (covetousness; greed for other’s belongings)
Vyāpāda (ill-will, hatred)
Foremost is
Micchā Diṭṭhi (wrong views)
Gives rise to other nine akusālā kamma
Only when saṅkhāra are done with
Comprehension of four noble truths
/Paṭicca Samuppāda/Tilakkhana.
There is No abhisaṅkhāra
in case of
Kusāla mula Paṭicca Samuppāda process
Not all saṅkhāra are abhisaṅkhāra,
Only small part of all saṅkhāra are abhisaṅkhāra.
Saṅkhāra with chandarāga are abhisaṅkhāra.
Therefore, one with “chandarāga” has not comprehended
the dangers of remaining in the rebirth process.
Chanda = being Blinded
Raga = Ra + Agga = willingly engage in (saṁsāric journey)
abhisaṅkhāra leads to kamma done with lobha, dosa, moha, and
mundane versions of alobha, adosa, and amoha.
this six are called six root cause. Lokā Samudaya)
They are akusala kamma or dasa akusala (three with the body, four with
speech, and three with the mind). They can be kāya kamma, vaci kamma,
and mano kamma.
Types of abhisaṅkhāra
Types of chandarāga
Puñña abhisaṅkhāra
Leading to good realms and birth
Via PATICCA SAMUPPĀDA cycle
Papa/Apuñña abhisaṅkhāra
Leading to bad birth and realm via
PATICCA SAMUPPĀDA cycle
Āneñjābhisaṅkhāra comes into play in the cultivation of the four
arupāvacara samāpatti that lead to rebirths in the four arupāvacara
Brahma realms:
Charity, Kindness, Compassion, cultivation of jhana,
Meditation, donations etc.
Opposite of dasa akusālā
Killing, Lying, Creating suffering for others etc.
In Short bad kamma.
Dada akusālā
Kāma rāga (attachment to kāma loka
rupa rāga (attachment to rupa loka, the 16 rupāvacara Brahama realms)
arupa rāga (attachment to the four arupāvacara Brahma realms.)
pañcakKhanda Represents everything
Experienced by any living being
Part of panchakhanda that we crave is known as
PanchaUpadanaKhanda
PanchaUpadanaKhanda is responsible for suffering.
(It creates suffering through cycle of birth)
All PañcakKhanda is
COMPLETELY MENTAL.
They are just mental impressions.
Different persons have different
pañcakKhanda
Six senses
(Indriya)
For
Indriya
becomes
ayatana
when used
In presence of ignorance.
Listening
Seeing
Tasting
Touching
Smelling
Thinking
Citta
52 kinda of Cetasika
Quality of thought
Rūpa
Matter and energy
This section is critical
For gaining "
“yathābhūta ñāṇa.”
Thought
39 Cetasika Determining
Kusāla or akusālā citta
Seven universal cetasika are
Essential in forming any kind of citta,
Six cetasika that MAY appear with given
Citta. This cetasika helps whatever purpose
That citta had. For example, viriya cetasika
Helps with effort in given citta.
14 Asobhana cetasika
25 Sobhana cetasika
4 universal asobhana cetasika
Which arises with every akusālā citta
11 ashobhana cetasika arises
In total in any akusālā citta
moha (delusion or moral blindness)
ahirika (shamelessness of wrong)
anottappa (fearlessness of immoral)
uddacca (restlessness)
6 shobhana cetasika that needs to be cultivated
Which doesn't arise with every kusāla citta
19 universal sobhana cetasika
Arises with every kusāla citta
26 Shobhana cetasika in total arises
With any kusāla citta
Samma vacā
Sammā Kammanta (actions that are conducive to eliminate “san“)
Sammā Ājiva (a lifestyle that is conducive to eliminate “san“)
karunā (“Ariya” compassion)
muditā (“Ariya” appreciative joy)
Paññā = Samma Diṭṭhi
speech that is conducive to eliminate “san“
adhimokkha (dominate)
vitakka (focused application)
viriya (effort)
Piti (joy)
Chanda (desire)
vicāra (sustained application)
Reason why “Dhammo ha ve rakkhati dhammacāriṁ” is said.
“dhamma will guide one in the direction of dhamma that one follows”
Dense rupā
Everything we can experience from six senses IS Rupa.
So, all Dhamma are Rupā too.
What is suddhāṭṭhaka?
Three classification of matter
Above suddhāṭṭhaka stage
Detectable with five senses
Dhammā
Below suddhāṭṭhaka stage
Detectable with mana indriya only
Matter is created from mind.
Reason for
manō pubbaṅgamā dhammā
This is how world is primarily mind based.
Not matter based.
A suddhāṭṭhaka, being a saṅkhata,
is
created by the mind.
suddhāṭṭhaka is
smallest unit of matter. Billions of times smaller
Then atom. Suddhāṭṭhaka has elusive nature.
So, bhūta is name for suddhāṭṭhaka.
Suddhāṭṭhaka (pure octad) is made up of
bhūta arise from gati of living being
a hadaya vatthu
for a new existence comes into being as a
kammaja rūpa
at
the
cuti-patisandhi moment
. During its lifetime, the hadaya vatthu maintains its
spin and rotation. When the kammic energy is exhausted, its motion stops, and
the bhava ends. At that time, a new hadaya vatthu for a new bhava is formed by
kammic energy.
hadaya vatthu is also called
“vatthu dasaka”.
Dasaka means ten. So, other than suddhāṭṭhaka,
Hadaya vatthu also contains spin and rotation energy.
This added spin and rotation is what gives
Life to an inert suddhāṭṭhaka. That power or
Energy is created by javana citta (mind).
If a kamma bīja has more energy,
It will sustain a bhava (hadaya vatthu) for longer.
we can see that our heavy physical body, by itself, is inert. The real-life is
in the gandhabba with the hadaya vatthu and the five pasāda.
This is another critical factor in the yathābhūta ñāna: All life forms are like
bhūta (ghosts);
in essence,
life is maintained by an ultra-fine body
that is impossible to see and have a temporary existence
. Any life in
any realm is short-lived on the samsāric scale. On the samsāric scale,
trillion years is like a drop of water in the ocean.
In all other realms, five pasāda rūpa exist with the hadaya vatthu.
In rupavacara Brahma realms, hadaya vatthu is accompanied
By cakkhu and sōta pasāda rūpa.
In arupāvacara Brahma realms, there is only the hadaya vatthu.
only exception is the asañña realm, where only the kāya dasaka is
maintained by the jivitindriya (no hadaya vatthu, since thoughts are not
generated).
This yathābhūta ñāna about the real nature of our body also helps to get
rid of the
“ghana saññā”
about our bodies. Humans value their dense
bodies so much because they believe that there is an unchanging “self”
in the physical body.
There is nothing in our physical body worth being taken as “mine”.
When one comprehends this fact,
sakkāya diṭṭhi
(which is one of four
conditions to attain the Sōtapanna stage) is removed. However, it is just
one way to remove sakkāya diṭṭhi.
we see that the precursors for all matter in this world
, satara mahā
bhūta,
are mind-made and have a transient existence. They are “bhūta”
or “ghosts”. And since everything else is made of them, what we consider
to be “solid, tangible things” in this world are really “ghost-like”.
The knowledge of this real “ghost-like” nature is called “yathābhūta ñāna“.
When one has that knowledge, one looks at the world according to that
correct view, which is called
“anu bhūtam“
.
When one is not aware of this true nature, it is called “na anu bhūtam”
which rhymes as “ananubhūtam”.
Primary Rūpa
upādaya rūpa
bhūta have their origins in “gati” (one’s character/habits). When one
cultivates a certain gati, that can lead to the creation of bhūta
(suddhāṭṭhaka) produced in javana citta.
four “mahā bhūta“: patavi, āpo, tējo, vāyo.
Derived from
Primary Rūpa
varna, gandha, rasa, ōja
Visible and graspable
Invisible and graspable
Invisible and ungraspable
Memory records
Nibbana
What is it
How nibbanā is achieved?
Complete absence of mental suffering
But not absence of physical suffering.
(After parinibbana absence of all suffering
Including physical ones)
Niramisa sukkhā
It does not contain anything of this world
Not presence of some bliss
cooling down of the mind
Absence of suffering
Buddha said that even finest pleasures of this world would not compare
to 1/16 of niramisa sukkhā found in nibbanā.
Removal of all 12 akusālā citta
“rāgakkhaya“ = Removal of rāga
“dōsakkhaya“ = Removal of dōsa
“mōhakkhaya“ = Removal of mōha
“viññāṇa nirōdha“ = stopping arising of viññana
Removal of upādāna for
PañcakUpadanaKhanda leads to nibbanā
Removal of six root causes.
(Six root causes explained in minor concepts
Section in MindMap.)
What would Arhant looklike?
Arhant has achieved nibbanā
Leads to nibbanā
No Avijjā of
four noble truths
Destroyed samayojana
No āsavā
No more PañcaUpādānaKhandha
No gati
No dasa akusālā
No samphassa-jā-vēdanā
No assadā,
Only kammā vipakā
Until parinibbana
Truth of suffering
Truth of origin of suffering
Truth of end of suffering
Truth of path leading to end of suffering
Dukkhā sacca
Dukkha = "Suffering (dukha) that
Can be removed"
Analysis of dukkhā sacca
"Birth is suffering, Getting old is suffering,
illness is suffering, dying is suffering.
Having to associate with unliked is suffering and
not being able to associate with liked is suffering.
If one does not get what one likes, that is suffering. - In brief origin
of suffering is craving for five aggregates of Rupa, vedana, sanna,
sankhara and vinnana. (PañcaUpādānaKhandha)
Here meaning of birth, illness, old-age, death all are related to
saṅkhata. Not just to all lifeforms. Lifeforms are included in
saṅkhata as well.
There are infinite types of suffering in world.
Buddha talks about very particular kind of suffering.
"Unending future suffering associated with any kind of existence".
About future suffering. Inevitable suffering
That is present, was present and will be present in future too.
Birth of lifeform is suffering
All saṅkhata have Dukkhā characteristics
In it. So, any saṅkhata in PañcaUpādānaKhandha is
Going to cause nothing but suffering at the end.
Illness, old age and death of all saṅkhata or lifeforms
Similarly creates suffering through either meeting or seperation.
Birth in apāyā is worse suffering
Brith in human realm too has much suffering.
Old-age, illness and like all births the death.
All lifeform having birth in any of 31 realms always have death at the end.
No birth is without death.
All sankhata causes suffering.
Hence, birth of all saṅkhata causes dukkha.
All saṅkhata are either to liking or to dislike.
All Liked saṅkhata causes dukkha with seperation.
This separation can be through death or through viparinama
(Sudden change in state of saṅkhata.)
Because all liked saṅkhata inevitably changes into unliked state,
They all causes much suffering.
All unliked saṅkhata produces dukkhā upon meeting them.
Lokottara eightfold path starting with right view.
Paticca SAMUPPĀDA CYCLES
getting attached to something through a liking for it,
leading to an existence (bhava) of similar quality or kind
Various steps in Paṭicca Samuppāda
Mechanism
Idappaccayātā Paṭicca Samuppāda -
Paṭicca Samuppāda in real life
Rebirth cycle
Visual explanation of Paṭicca Samuppāda
Credits: Christian at puredhamma.net
kusala-mula Paṭicca Samuppāda
Akusala-mula Paṭicca Samuppāda
Kusāla sankhara => kusala-mula paccayā saṅkhāra
Both puñña abhisaṅkhāra (upanisa paccayā - i.e. saṅkhāra without
comprehension of four noble truths)
and Apuñña abhisaṅkhāra comes under
Akusālā-mula Paṭicca Samuppāda
Puñña kammā
Papa kammā
Notes
avijjā paccayā saṅkhāra
Saṅkhāra paccayā viññana
Viññana paccayā NamaRupa
NamaRupa paccayā salayatana
In presence of Ignorance of four noble truths one does saṅkhāra for
PañcaUpādānaKhandha or arammana that matches with one's gati
This saṅkhāra are done with expectations.
Which creates viññana.
All births brings illness, old age, death inevitably.
31 level of existence
Rebirth is based on
What takes rebirth
Puthujjano
Relams reserved for Ariyas
Kama lok
Rūpa realms
Arūpa realms
4 planes of deprivation
5. Human world
6 to 11 Higher kama loka bhava of various devas
a hell-being (with gati of strong hate),
a peta (intense greed),
an asura (freeloading mentality)
an animal (a mixture all those; “tirisan” or all three “san“)
11 to 27 realms in rūpāvacara Brahma lōka
27 to 31 realms in arūpāvacara Brahma lōka
Five realms
Included in 31 existence
Gandhabba waiting in paralokā
Due to multiple birth in one bhava
In case of human and animal realm,
Bhava
Jati
Type of existence
Type of birth in that type of existence
Only In human realm
Only In animal realms
Based on craving.
Not based on liking
Based on gati.
Root cause of birth
Based on kamma
Based on dhammāta
i.e. five fundamental laws of nature
Same as six root causes
Based on sankhara done in that life.
Punna abhisankhara or papa abhisankhara
Paṭicca Samuppāda
When someone asks what takes rebirth,
They assume there is some fixed thing which takes rebirth. Yet there is
no permanent entity which keeps taking rebirth. There is no unchanging
soul/atma. example of how rebirth works: if you light a candle and
observe it after few minutes is the candle after few minutes same as
candle at beginning? Obviously not, candle melted hence, size changed
yet, it is not different either because without previous candle, latter
candle could not have come into being.
Different types of thinking, speech, and actions (dictated by different
types of saṅkhāra) lead to different types of bhava and jāti.
We want long lasting happiness from this world.
We work hard for it.
"Any Rūpa that ever existed will exist in the future, or that is being
experienced now has the following 3 characteristics: any such Rupa is of
anicca nature because one's hopes for enjoying Rūpa will only lead to
one's demise. It will eventually lead to sufferings that one should be
afraid of. Therefore, such cravings are unfruitful and will make one
helpless in the rebirth process."
Same is repeated for four other aggregates.
From Original Commentary "Patisambhidāmagga"
All Sankata Goes through cycle of
birth, viparinama and death.
All sankata are Anicca and dukkhā.
Doing saṅkhāra for PañcaUpādānaKhandha
Always leads to suffering.
"anissitoca viharathi, na ca kinci loke upadiyathi".
There is nothing in this world that is fruitful,
there is nothing to be craved
Anicca
Dukkha
Anattā
MEANING: Not to liking
Nature of all sankata to go through cycle of birth,
Viparinama and death.
All our efforts to find and maintain
"Lasting happiness"
only
perpatuates suffering in rebirth process.
We have to live with whatever happens to our body. (We cannot
prevent destruction, decay, ruin, illness, death, aging of our body
in long term.) Hence, body is aniccā.
If one does not get what one likes that leads to suffering.
We will never get what we like.
So, one is always going to be suffering.
Meeting unliked
Having unliked
Seperating from liked
Not having liked
All saṅkhata are Aniccā.
All jati/Births are Aniccā.
Because all jāti are subject to viparinama dukkhā.
Any birth ends up in death and suffering.
Inability to maintain six indriya to liking
Inability to maintain any Rūpa to our liking
Inability to maintain citta-cetasika-rupa to liking
inability to maintain rupa, vedanā, saññā, saṅkhāra, viññāna
In the way one likes to
Liked are subject to seperation
Unliked are subject to meeting
All Sankata Goes through cycle of
Birth, viparinama and death.
We always seperate from liked saṅkhata
We always meet unliked saṅkhata
All births are dukkhā. All births are finite, subject
To exhaustion, all births end with death.
New bhava and/or jati are not to liking either.
With birth comes sorrow, lamentation, grief, despair,
Meeting unliked, seperation from liked,
One had, has and will have all shorts or birth
Liked and unliked, Liked will end, unliked will come.
There is no essence or thing one could could claim as mine.
There is nothing worthy to be called as mine.
One could keep nothing just as one wishes.
Not having liked
Having unliked
Inability to maintain any of six types of sense
Objects to our liking. i.e. all sounds, touch, sights,
smells, taste and ideas are Aniccā - not to liking.
Dukkha Saccā
Dukkha = "Suffering (dukha) that
Can be removed"
Double edged sword of
dukkhā
Describes inevitable
FUTURE SUFFERING
That follows if one has
PañcaUpādānaKhandha
All birth inevitably ends in death
Doing saṅkhāra for PañcaUpādānaKhandha
always
leads to dukkhā.
Because there is no atta in any pañcakKhanda.
Meeting unliked
Seperating from liked
Unsatisfactory Nature of all worldly objects
essence of the Buddha Dhamma is that what we PERCEIVE to
be enjoyment (assāada) is actually the CAUSE of FUTURE
SUFFERING; we perceive it as pleasurable initially because of
Three kinds of Vippalasa (diṭṭhi, saññā, cittā; vipallāsa) and
avijjā.
With arising of anything it is only dukkhā that arises,
With cessation of anything, it's only dukkhā which cease.
Sankhara dukkhā
Viparinama dukkhā
Dukkha dukkhā
All abhisaṅkhāra further fuels Samsarā.
Whenever One does saṅkhāra for saṅkhata with anicaa nature,
And it always leads to suffering.
All objects are subject to sudden change.
All births only end with death.
Even if we live a perfect life during these 100 years, that does not
guarantee one anything about the future lives, because we may have
done kamma in PREVIOUS LIVES that could give rebirth in even the
lowest four realms, the apāyā, including the niraya (hell).
Ending up in situation where one cannot help one's self,
i e. In any of the four apāyā is worse form of suffering,
Because, there one cannot even do any good kamma to
Lead to good destination.
We always end up having to suffer,
Either due to meeting or due to seperation
Because, change and decay is inevitable.
In blind rage of kāmacchanda,
One might do Apuñña abhisaṅkhāra,
Which might lead to apāyā.
Majority of rebirth happens in apāyā.
The root cause for all three types of suffering is our inability
to maintain things to our liking
All sankata do not immediately cause dukkhā vedana, But,
ALL THINGS have dukkhā lakkhanā embedded in it. so, all
things causes suffering inevitably. Unliked sankata causes
suffering immediately upon meeting and Liked sankata
causes suffering in future upon seperation. combining this
with fact that nothing remains constant in this world, we
know that liked objects ALWAYS change into unliked form
inevitably without our control over it, so all sankata are going
to cause suffering.
You put effort to aquire happiness through various objects.
While this objects causes suffering in acquiring them, in maintaining them
and guaranteed suffering upon seperating from them.
Meanwhile, during this activities you might get very bad viparinama
dukkhā. i.e. you might meet unliked, you might helplessly put effort to
seperate from this unliked and be not able to seperate from it
No attā
Ultimately, All Dhamma are anattā including buddha dhamma. It is
not permanent either. But, it is special kind of dhamma helping all to
escape from suffering.
All saṅkhāra are unfruitful. All saṅkhāra are Ashubha.
They lead to further sansarā.
Of no essence
Anātha - Not true refuge
Lack of complete control over any sankatā
Meaningless
Valueless
Helplessness -
No protector of one's own
No one is free from death, no one is free from meeting unliked, no one is
free from seperation from liked. No one is one's protector in world.
Nothing can provide permanent safe refuge.except nibbana.
Lack of complete control over world.
(Kamma, Panchakhanda, Indriya)
Since one does not have complete control over ANYTHING, one will
become helpless and will inevitably be subjected to suffering in the
rebirth process. Of course, we are only talking about long-term
consequences in the rebirth process, and NOT short-term.
One MUST have short-term goals.
No permanent self/soul
No permanent identity in rebirth among 31 realms.
One bears one's own dhamma. There is kamma and there's gati,
But, there is no true identity. One's physical body is extremely
temporary vessel. One's mental body/Gandhabba keep changing as
well, according to one's gati and kamma and birth.
Only constantly changing PanchaUpadanaKhanda
there is no “unchanging essence” in a given “person”; he/she is just a
collection of the five aggregates that keep evolving according to the
principle of cause and effect (Paṭicca Samuppāda).
Aniccā
Yet it is not possible to have *ANY KIND* of lasting happiness
In "This world". (This world means everything except nibbanā)
Dukkhā
Out efforts find long lasting happiness only causes suffering for us.
World objects are not only not to our liking but they also cause
suffering. (Hence, they are Ashubha.)
Anatta
Therefore, all our attempts to have long lasting happiness through
worldly objects are in vain/futile/unfruitful.
Six indriya and six corresponding Rupa are of tilakkhana nature as well.
All saṅkhata are Aniccā.
People “behave badly” in order to “get what they perceive to be valuable”.
All immoral acts are done to “get what we want”. We crave for something
and greed arise, and then when we don’t get what we wish for, we get
angry and hate arises. We first think bad thoughts (mano saṅkhāra), then
follow through with bad words (vaci saṅkhāra), and bodily action (kaya
saṅkhāra). We do all this because we do not have an understanding of
the true nature of the world, i.e., anicca, dukkha, anatta,
Trying to make them niccā leads to dukkhā.
Because we cannot keep them to liking.
Because all sankhata are Aniccā,
Trying to maintain any of them to liked state always inevitably leads to
dukha. Hence making one helpless in the end.
So, doing sankhāra for any sankhata inevitably leads to suffering.
In case of liked sankhata it leads to suffering via seperation from it.
In case of unliked sankhata, it leads to suffering via meeting them.
We have upādāna for sankhata because we avoid their tilakkhana nature.
(Vippalasa - Micchā Diṭṭhi, Avijjā, Vipareetha saññā, vicikiccā)
While doing sankhāra for any saṅkhata thinking that it will lead to sukkhā (
under ignorance of their true nature), it paradoxically only leads to more
and more suffering. (Apāyā, three types of dukha) While having
possibilities of being born in any realm doing various sankhāra (having
majority of births in apaya).
So this all efforts to earn much sukkhā from sankhata is all unfruitful and
futile, leading only to suffering at the end of the day, never to any
permanent happiness and niccā state. So there are of no essence.
Anattā.
Diṭṭhi - Usually means "wrong views".
how we make decisions about interacting with
others or responding to external stimuli depends
on our “world views.”
That is what is called “diṭṭhi” in Buddha Dhamma.
Kammā
Intention is kammā
Kama
Sangha
Micchā ditthi
Samma ditthi
vīsativatthukā sakkāya diṭṭhi
20 wrong views
Vippalasa
Confusions
First diṭṭhi vipallāsa
Then Saññā and then
Citta vipallāsa is removed.
Niyata Micchā Ditthi
Established wrong views;
One is not even open to wider worldview
Lokiya samma ditthi
Lokottara samma ditthi
Kinds of wrong ideas.
All 62 kinda of wrong views are variations
Of this views.
In presence of sakkāya diṭṭhi, some parts of pañcakkhandha
become pañcaupādānakhandhā
Those are the parts that one likes based on one’s gati,
uccheda diṭṭhi
sassata diṭṭhi
View of materialists
They believe that all mental phenomena arise in the body and are thus totally
associated with the body. Materialists of the present day belong to this category. They
believe that mental phenomena (thoughts) arise in the brain, and thus, they also stop
with the death of the body.
“I” am Rūpa, Viññana, Saṅkhāra, Saññā, Vedanā
Soul based view
There is permanent/unchanging
Mental body., Which is me.
Rūpa, Viññana, Saṅkhāra, Saññā, Vedanā as “mine”
Rūpa, Viññana, Saṅkhāra, Saññā, Vedanā to be “in me”
“I” to be “in Rūpa, Viññana, Saṅkhāra, Saññā, Vedanā”
"sakkāya is pañcaupādānakhandhā: rūpaupādānakhandha,
vedanaupādānakhandha, saññaupādānakhandha,
saṅkhāraupādānakhandha, viññāṇaupādānakhandha"
Thus, one gets attached to the five aggregates and considers them
to be one’s own, ONLY IF one does not see the anicca (and dukkha
and anatta) nature of those entities.
is our wrong idea that our efforts to acquire “things” or “seek
happiness” are beneficial and fruitful.
Therefore, bhikkhus, any form (rupa) whatsoever, whether past, future or
present, internal or external, gross or subtle, inferior or superior, far or
near, all form (these are 11 types of rupa in rupakkhandha) should be
seen as it really is, with correct wisdom. Thus: ‘This is not mine, this I am
not, this is not my self.’
Same repeated for four other aggregates.
The existence (bhava) in this world and corresponding births (jāti) filled
with suffering arise because one tries to go against the true nature and
generates saṅkhāra (due to avijjā). That is Paṭicca Samuppāda.
diṭṭhi vipallāsa
Example.
One views worldly things are of
Niccā nature.
saññā vipallāsa
We tend to perceive (saññā) that,
worldly things can provide happiness.
This saññā is vipareetha saññā.
citta vipallāsa.
We tend to think (citta) that things
In this world can provide us with happiness
because of the wrong perception
Kammā vipakā
Results of previous kammā
Kamma Bijā
Energy of kammā
Kāma is basically vaci saṅkhāra about sense-pleasing objects (constantly
thinking about those pleasures), whether it is an eye-catching object, ear-
pleasing sound, tasty food, nice smell, or a body touch.
Saṅgha is “san” + “gha,”
hose who have either gotten rid of or
are on the way to getting rid of ”san.”
Sangha consists of
aṭṭha purisa puggalā.
i.e. eight highly moral persons.
Kusāla
Leading to end of suffering with nibbana
Akusālā
Leading to further suffering
Includes Wrong path and mundane right path
Ariya only
Lokottara eightfold path
Immoral akusala
= Papa kamma
Moral akusala
= puñña kammā
immoral person (asappuriso.)
highly-immoral person (asappurisena asappurisataro.)
Encourages others to engage in immoral behaviour (DASA AKUSĀLĀ),
Has deeply ingrained wrong views about world.
moral person (sappuriso)
highly-moral person (sappurisena sappurisataro.)
Encourages others to engage in moral behaviour (Kusāla),
Has deeply ingrained right views about world.
Gati
Bhavā
Jāti
Type of existence
Birth in that type of existence
Multiple births iand deaths
In that type of existence in
Case of animal or human realms
Shubhā
Auspicious
Ashubha
Inauspicious
Puthujjano
Regular person
Ariya
Noble person
DuGati
SuGati
SanGati
Bad gati
Leading to bad destinations
Good gati
Leading to good destinations
Contaminated gati
San = addition (of good and bad things)
Sansarā/Samsarā
=
Rebirth process = One does "San" thinking that it
is of any "Sara" (it is fruitful).
Silā/Samvara
=
removing
“san”
via moral behavior.
Ānāpānasati Bhāvnā
by itself can lead to Arahanthood.
leading to the removal of all
saṁyojana, anusaya, and āsava
true meditation is to learn the true and pure Dhamma and critically
evaluate it based on one’s own experiences.
Cultivating aṭṭhika saññā
Which means "anicca or unfruitful” nature of this world
fulfills cattāro satipaṭṭhāna (the four foundations of mindfulness)
Taking in kusala
Discarding akusala
Fulfills sapta bojjhaṅga
fulfill ultimate knowledge and release (vijjāvimuttiṃ paripūrenti)
Leads
To
Starting to remove micchā ditthi
By Understanding why they are wrong.
Comprehending precise meanings of key Pali
words. Which forms ciritical base of buddha dhamma.
Learning ten right views
Mundane Right view
Lokiya sammā diṭṭhi
Dassanena pahātabbā
Removal of defilements (in this case Micchā Ditthi with
clear vision"
Magga phala:
Sottapana anugami
Also known as Chula Sotapnna
Temporary suppression of pancanivarana
Basic
Understanding four noble truths
two asobhana cetasika of diṭṭhi and vicikicca are REMOVED
The Sōtapanna stage is reached via removing the four lōbha citta that
are based on micchā diṭṭhi (wrong vision), and the mōha citta of vicikicca.
It is important to note that the remaining 7 akusala citta including the two
dōsa-mula citta are still with a Sōtapanna.
The four lōbha cittā that a Sōtapanna removes are the ones that are
responsible for vyapada, which is the strong version of anger that makes
one eligible for rebirth in the apāyās
Lobha becomes Raga
Dosa becomes patigha
Kāmāsava completely goes away
Completion of Understanding of four noble truths
Samma Ñāna
Right knowledge
Magga phala:
Arhant
All asobhana cetasika removed
All kammā bijjā are ineffective,
Cannot be grasped by Arhant.
General points applicable to all stages
Establishing feedback loop starting from
Lokiya samma ditthi
Right View (by studying and contemplating buddha dhamma)
Right Mindfulness
(By including but not limited to former meditation session;
Development of bhavnā)
Right Efforts
(Prevention, Removing of wrong view/gati/path/habits/akusālā
abhisaṅkhāra,
Arousing, Increasing of noble view/gati/path/habits/Kusāla-mulā
saṅkhāra)
Leading to human or higher realm,
Not free from apaya or future suffering, YET.
tihetuka uppatti
(Type of human birth)
Yes
No
Progress to next step
No further progress
Lokiya sammā Samadhi
Upacara and anuloma samadhi
Removing two deeper wrong views
By learning basic worldview of buddha dhamma
Ariya silā:
Moral behavior comes automatically
free from apaya or future suffering
Deeper Understanding of tilakkhana
deeper samadhi (anuloma, upacara)
diṭṭhivisuddhi
gaining “yathābhūta ñāṇa.”
When someone comprehends the true nature of matter as it
Arises from mind (about suddhāṭṭhaka and its formation)
That exists in this world, one is said to have the yathābhūta ñāna.
That is the “knowledge about the true nature of
Things that comprise our world.”
Becoming sandiṭṭhikō
Removal of micchā ditthi
Abillity to see "San" (defilements)
Removal of vicikiccā
Removal of Diṭṭhāsava.
i.e. craving due to wrong views
Removal of sakkāya ditthi
silabbata paramasa removed
Transcendental (lokottara) right (samma) view (ditthi)
one’s “lineage” (gotra) is changed from a normal human to a
Sōtapanna at the gotrabu citta
Sōtapanna magga citta
Sōtapanna phala citta
Magga phala:
Sottapana
Beginning of lokottara path with
Lokottara samma ditthi
kāma rāga (reduced)
patigha (reduced)
kāmāsava and bhavāsava reduce
Magga phala:
Sakadagami,
kāma rāga (removed)
patigha (removed)
Magga phala:
Anāgāmi
Complete Eradication of Avijjā
Removal of all six mūlika hētu
Removal of PañcakUpadanaKhanda
Removal of all gati
Having correct saññā about world.
Removal of distorted (vipareetha) saññā
Complete paññā cētasika
Stopping of all abhisaṅkhāra
Samma Vimutti
Right release
No more dasa akusālā
Arhant only does puñña kriya until parinibbana
Termination of upādāna paccayā bhava at parinibbana
Nicchato parinibbuto - "An Arhant attains the status of niccha upon
the death of the physical body."
removal of bad habits and cultivating good habits
After sottapana stage
By Bhāvanā
And having sati
Via control of sankhara.
First Kaya then vachi and then
Mano sankhara.
Bhāvanayā pahātabba
Removal of defilements with Bhāvanā
Four types of path
And their results
mūlika hētu
-
six root causes
Buddhist worldview is polar opposite to
worldview of Puthujjano.
niyāma dhamma
(Dhammāta)
Kammā
Āsavā
Craving
"Hidden suffering", "Drawbacks", "shortcomings" of
Indulging and craving in Assāda
Reason for hurrying up in understanding
and applying dhamma
Pancanīvarana
(Five hindrances)
Jhana, Samadhi and Magga Phala
Four iddhipāda (Four powers) -
chanda, citta, viriya, vīmaṁsā
Mōha
Vs.
Avijjā
Limits of knowledge and experience
Wrong paths
Right paths
Wrong views leading to wrong samadhi and bad rebirths
Leading to four apayas
Seven supporting factors
Leading to
Lokiya path
Lokottara path
Higher kama, Deva and
Brahma realms
Subject to fall to lower realms with law
Of kamma And gati and death
Nibbana
End of all suffering with parinibbana
Samma ditthi leading to
(Right views)
Samma sankappa
(Right intentions)
Samma vācā
Samma kammanto
Sammā ājīvo
Samma vayamo
Samma sati
Samma samadhi
Leading to
Samma vimutti
Lōka Samudaya
"arising (again) into this suffering-filled world"
i.e. accumulation of kammic energy
When one acts with one or more of lōbha, dōsa, mōha,
one is giving rise to kamma bīja (kammic energy) that can
Lead to rebirth in the four “bad realms” or the apāyās.
Obviously one is generating Apuñña abhisaṅkhāra by
Acting in such a way. Consequently, this Apuñña abhisaṅkhāra
Also leads to corresponding bad realms with mechanism of
Paticca SAMUPPĀDA.
Lōka Nirōdhaya
“stopping the arising into this world permanently"
i.e. nibbanā
Moha
Having micchā ditthi
Dosa
Hatred due to not having desired object
Lobha
Extreme greed due to Moha
Amoha
Alobha
Non greed
Adosa
Non hatred
Lokiya amoha
Lokuttara amoha
Suppression of lobha and dosa.
One has moha as anusuya in case of
Lokiya moha
Cultivation of paññā
Whatever saṅkhata Puthujjano thinks will lead to happiness,
Inevitably Only leads to further cycle of suffering. Suffering arises
because,
World is of "Anicca" Nature, Not "Nicca" nature.
Puthujjano thinks world is nicca.
Ariya knows that nibbana is of niccha nature
Puthujjano has different understanding about meaning of word "world"
Ariya know that world means all. And all means six indriya.
Based on tipitaka
Based on commentary
Dhammā niyama
Paṭicca Samuppāda is ultimate dhamma niyama.
It explains how and under what conditions kamma vipāka produces
results.
Citta niyama
Bija niyama
Utu niyama
Kamma niyāma
Laws involving working with complexity of mind
It dictates how kamma bīja (seeds) lead to their fruits (vipāka).
All sankata are subject to this niyama.
Kamma vipāka are the root causes for all that happens in this world, but
their effects can be altered and even stopped by exploiting the other laws
of nature.
a kamma seed (good or bad) can lay dormant for a long time until
conditions become right for it to germinate. We all have accumulated
numerous kamma seeds over these repeated rebirths. What we need to
do is to provide conditions for good kamma seeds to germinate and NOT
allow conditions for bad ones to germinate.
Diṭṭhāsava
Craving originating from wrong views.
For example. belief such as "YOLO". (You Only Live Once)
Kāmāsava
are associated with sense pleasures
Bhavāsava
is the craving for any particular kind of existence
Avijjāsava
is all cravings that arise due to ignorance
Origin of sensual pleasures
Adīnava
-
Drawbacks of assāda
Nissarana
-
Escape from assāda
Past Causes
(Kammā vipakā)
Assāda/Āsvāda
- (Mind made pleasure)
Saṅkhāra paccayā viññana
Types of assāda
Assadā is responsible for future suffering.
Can be understood using Paṭicca Samuppāda Mechanism
One becomes happy through future expectations of
sensual pleasures one has experienced or is
Experiencing or with plans of experiencing that sensual pleasure in future
Kama assāda -
Assāda for objects of
Kama loka
Assadā is generated by
Kayā, vāci and mano sankhara
Example
One eats dog meat unknowingly thinking it is
Some other meat. Yet, doesn't recognise it,
So consequently derives pleasure from it.
While if one knew that it is dog meat,
One couldn't derive the same pleasure from it.
There is no denying that human and higher kama, Deva and
Brahma realms has all short of pleasures for enjoyment.
But, problem is enjoying them leads to future suffering.
This hidden suffering is not directly visible. But it is
consequences of craving for liked objects.
All births leads to death inevitably and future births are not
necessarily to one's own liking. Unliked state is guaranteed
to come. No Jāti (type of birth) is free from viparinama
dukkhā. we can suddenly meet unliked state or birth. Which
might cause much suffering.
Six senses can never be fulfilled from
Sensual pleasures
Each person dies helplessly at old age or die unexpectedly
of an accident or a major illness. There is nothing that can
be called “graceful death”. It may seem to outsiders that
“one is aging gracefully”, but that person knows how hard
it is, even if at normal health. One simply cannot do things
the way once one did them and one cannot enjoy any sense
pleasure at the same level. All our sense faculties degrade
with time.
it is not possible to experience sensual pleasures without hidden
suffering that comes consequently. From craving comes tendency
to keep liked objects close to us. From upādāna comes bhava and
from bhava comes jati. With jāti comes
All jati inevitably ends up with viparinama dukkhā.
No matter how appealing those sense pleasures or sense objects can be,
they all make one get trapped in the rebirth process.
That is why they are
asubha.
the best part of the Buddha’s message, which has been lost for over
thousand years, is that the niramisa sukha is better than any sense
pleasures. We are under the illusion that sense pleasures are to be
pursued. If one can taste the happiness from staying away from sense
pleasures, one will NEVER value the sense pleasures. Those who have
experienced even anariya jhānic experiences, will have some idea of
such niramisa sukha.
Reaching nibbanā through removal of
Six root causes is nissarana.
(Right escape from assadā)
- One will get old - One will get sick or fall ill definitely
- One might die suddenly and at the end inevitably
- Extreme rarity of human birth.
- this might be last jati in human bhava
- One might get bad rebirth in human or other realm
- Dhamma will not always be available - It is available in its useful
form in human realm for only 5000 years for our buddha sasana.
Only for millions of years for Deva realms. But, one would not be
interested in hearing buddha Dhamma if one has no magga phala (i.
e. if one is not ariya). Since higher realms have much pleasures and
little suffering.
kāmacchanda
Greed for sense objects
tina middha
Being lethargic
uddacca kukkucca
Feeling inferiority or
Superiority
vicikicca
Confusions/Doubt
Gives rise to
Vyāpada - Hatred
When desired sense object
Cannot be achieved
Inferiority
Superiority
You think that it is only you who is suffering
You think you are special,
You will not suffer like others
Jhana - Mental States corresponding to higher realms
Is not required for magga phala
Samadhi - Mental absorption onto said object
When the mind becomes focused on one object (ārammana),
The ekaggata cetasika takes over and
makes the mind latched “on to it.”
Anariya jhana
Not stable. Can easily disturbed with arammana.
And
Ariya jhana
Very stable and high javana power
Achieved through temporary suppression of defilements
Cultivated through any mundane neutral object
Or through cultivation of field.
Achieved through removal of defilements
Achieved with supermundane object in mind.
i.e. nibbanā
Four jhana
Four higher jhana
Wrong samadhi
For example.
Samadhi in thief planning heist.
He too is very absorbed in what
He is doing. But, it is wrong kind of samadhi.
Right samadhi
Lokiya samadhj
Samadhi focused on good rebirths
Learning about Buddhist worldview.
i.e. how suffering hugely dominates the rebirth process
And shortcomings of world. Doing diṭṭhi visuddhi.
learning Buddhist worldview. (i.e. tilakkhana characteristic of world
And niccā, sukkhā, attā characteristics of nibbanā.
So, basically inclination towards nibbanā. Experiencing and
understanding nibbanā.
Starting of lokuttara path with end in
Samadhi on nibbana.
Lokuttara samadhi
Samadhi on nibbanā
What is mōha? (Mōha = delusion)
What Exactly is Avijjā?
You don't have wrong views but you have
Not removed two deeper wrong views about world
Having micchā Diṭṭhi
Not knowing four noble truths
Due Not understanding tilakkhana
Not understanding buddha Dhamma embedded in
Paṭicca Samuppāda
Hence not understanding how sensual pleasure lead to suffering,
Or how any birth always causes suffering
(Starting from apāyā to highest Nevasaññānāsaññāyatana realm.)
Not understanding escape from Samsarā
Hence having micchā ditthi or lokiya sammā diṭṭhi.
Not having lokuttara sammā diṭṭhi.
To analyse anything means you objectify that particular object.
For objectifying anything, experience of it is necessary.
Experience comes through six senses.
So, anything that can be experienced through six senses can be "defined"
as having such and such qualities etc.
BUT, nibbana has nothing of this world (pañcakKhanda/six indriya/citta-
cetasika-rupa). So, nibbanā can never be defined or objectified.
Ten Wrong views
And why they are wrong
Ten Wrong actions
Wrong beliefs due to not
believing in laws of kamma
Due to disbelief in gandhabba
Belief that there are
No Instaneous births
Not respecting the yogis and Brahmans
Due to belief that there are No Yogi or brahaman
In world who can see laws of kamma and
Higher realms
Solipsism
Views that Giving is not auspicious or profitable
View that large scale giving is not beneficial
Respecting and making offerings to those with higher virtues has no
merits.
Good and bad actions (kamma) do not lead to corresponding results (
vipāka.)
Belief that Parents (mother and father) are not special person.
While they are because, without them you could not
Get chance to born in this world. Your mother and father
Provided you suitable matching circumstances for birth.
Belief that Para loka (of gandhabba) does not exist.
While it does
Reality: There are Births in realm above human realms,
Where birth is Instaneous, for whole Bhavā
This world (ayaṃ loko) does not exist.
Dada akusālā becomes forty when
Explained in more details in
PañcakKhanda/Saṅkhāra section
You do akusālā yourself
Help others do akusālā
Tell others to do akusala
Praise others for their dasa akusālā
To be free from suffering in step by step manner,
By Understanding world/reality as it is.
By Eight ariya achievement
To understand suffering
To understand origin of suffering
To understand cessation of suffering
To understand way to
Complete stopping of all future suffering
Sammā diṭṭhi -
View of removal of san
Samma sankappa
Sammā vācā
Sammā kammanto
Sammā ājīvo
Sammā vayamo
Sammā sati
Samma Samadhi
Various types of Sounds
Various types of sights
Various types of Tastes
Various types of Touches
Various types of odours/smells
Various types of ideas/thoughts
PañcakKhanda of Rūpa, viññana, saññā, vedana and sankhara
For sounds
PañcakKhanda of Rūpa, viññana, saññā, vedana and sankhara
For various sights
PañcakKhanda of Rūpa, viññana, saññā, vedana and sankhara
For various tastes
PañcakKhanda of Rūpa, viññana, saññā, vedana and sankhara
For touches
PañcakKhanda of Rūpa, viññana, saññā, vedana and sankhara
For smells
PañcakKhanda of Rūpa, viññana, saññā, vedana and sankhara
For ivarious kinds of ideas/thoughts